The anvil of the gods

In Greek mythology Hephaestus, Ἥφαιστος,” was the son of Zeus and Hera.  He was the Greek god of blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals, metallurgy, fire and volcanoes.  His Roman equivalent was Vulcan.

These mythic references must come to mind upon looking at a truly fantastic photograph from the EPA this past week showing Mount Slamet spewing ash, lava, and fire into the night sky above central Java in Indonesia. Need-less-to-say, it brings to mind the great eruption of Krakatoa, believed to be the loudest volcanic explosion in the history of the world.  It was reported to have been heard 3000 miles away and the event was recorded on barographs in Greenwich.

The photograph captures all the terrifying beauty of volcanic eruption. It connects us not only with events of human history like the eruption of Mount Vesusius that buried Pompei and Herculeneum in 79 CE, but also pyroclastic events that literally forged our geological world, which is still a fragile lithospheric layer floating upon volcanic magma. There is the image of the human soul being like the flame of a candle.  Here the volcano’s flame is the soul of the Earth.  It truly represents the anvil of the gods.

“Thanks, thanks to thee, my worthy friend,
For the lesson thou hast taught!
Thus at the flaming forge of life
Our fortunes must be wrought;
Thus on its sounding anvil shaped
Each burning deed and thought.”

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow “The Village Blacksmith,” 1842.

h

http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/77664000/jpg/_77664724_77664387.jpg

Adamson and Hill

Figure 1 - Edinburgh Ale, James Ballantine, Dr. George Bell, and David Octavious Hill, by Hill and Adamson (1843-1847). From The National Galleries of Scotland Commons via Flickr and the WikimediaCommons.

Figure 1 – Edinburgh Ale, James Ballantine, Dr. George Bell, and David Octavious Hill, by Adamson and Hill (1843-1847). From The National Galleries of Scotland Commons via Flickr and the WikimediaCommons.

This past Thursday brought with it the historic vote by the Scottish people to remain joined to the United Kingdom.  It got me thinking. Scotland is an amazing and spectacular place.  And I was thinking about photographs from the nineteenth century.  This lead me to a Google search, and I found myself looking at some of the amazing calotypes of Adamson and Hill. Daguereotypes and calotypes were essentially invented simultaneously.  The crisp sharpness of the daguereotype contrasts with the soft sepia tones of the calotype made from paper negatives.

In1843 painter David Octavius Hill formed a partnership with engineer Robert Adamson, creating Scotland’s first photographic studio. Their partnership only lasted four years because of the untimely death of Adamson.  But in that brief period their association combined Hill’s artistic sensibity and understanding of composition and lighting with Adamson’s mastery of the scientific and engineering aspects of the craft.

Adamson and Hill produced produced approximately three thousand prints.  Photography evolved at the time from deep-rooted artistic traditions and such is the wonderful body of work that they have left us.  Images such as the scene from an Edinburgh bar in Figure 1 is not stiff portraiture, but rather is reminiscent of such similar scenes as Peter Bruegel’s “Peasant Dance.”  There are, in fact, many such classical paintings – a whole genre of paintings of beer drinking and carousing among all classes.

Watercolorist John Harden, upon first seeing Hill and Adamson’s work in 1843 wrote: “The pictures produced are as Rembrandt’s but improved, so like his style & the oldest & finest masters that doubtless a great progress in Portrait painting & effect must be the consequence.”

There is an interesting connection between Hill and the great Victorian physicist Sir David Brewster.  Hill was present at the Disruption Assembly in 1843 when over 450 ministers walked out of the Church of Scotland assembly and established the Free Church of Scotland. Hill wanted to accurately portray the event in a monumental painting.  Brewster suggested that Hill use photography to record the likenesses of all the ministers.  Brewster had himself experimented with photography, and it was he who introduced Hill to another photography enthusiast Robert Adamson.  The painting ( 5′ by 11.3′) was eventually completed in 1866.

As in so many of the masterpieces of the photographic Victorian age in the work of Adamson and Hill we catch a precious glimpse of how life was or how they wished us to perceive it – not necessarily the same thing, of course.  In Figure 2 we share through their lens a warm, tender, moody, and perhaps sleepy moment from so very long ago.

Figure2 - Harriet Farnie with Miss Farnie and a Sleeping Puppy by Hill and Adamson (1843-1847) from the Natuion Galleries of Scotland Commons via Flickr and the Wikimediacommons.

Figure2 – Harriet Farnie with Miss Farnie and a Sleeping Puppy by Adamson and Hill (1843-1847) from the Natuion Galleries of Scotland Commons via Flickr and the Wikimediacommons.

 

 

Downy Woodpecker

Figure 1 - Downy woodpecker at the Fresh Pond Reserve, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

Figure 1 – Downy woodpecker at the Fresh Pond Reserve, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

My adventures trying to learn bird photography continue.  I have done some research on this and found essentially little of any use: use big lens, use image stabilization, use 1 over the focal length of the lens as the shutter speed, be patient, take lots of images (snap, snap, snap), and GOOD LUCK.  Well, THANK YOU VERY MUCH!  I guess it’s one of those things that you just have to learn for yourself.  What I’ve learned so far is that birds are afraid of me and too busy trying to eat and survive to pose for photographs. On the other hand, if you recognize that they are the modern descendants of dinosaurs, they probably have it right.

This past week I went out with by 70 to 200 mm zoom lens, translates to 142 to 320 on the Canon T2i.  I decided in favor of flexibility and spontaneity rather than using my monopod, despite that fact that this lens is not image stabilized.  It is beautiful but not image stabilized.

For some reason the woodpeckers were out in force at Fresh Pond.  I imagined their world screaming with insects that I could not hear just below the bark of the trees – well maybe not screaming.  But there was a lot of tapping going on, and I took a lot of photographs.  I used center focusing and just keep shooting, starting from a distance and moving in.

Figure 1 is an example of a reasonably successful photograph of a downy woodpecker, Dendrocopus pubescens.  If you are wondering why I give the species name, it’s a scientist thing. Oh all right maybe it is an affectation.

This particular woodpecker is a female and has no red cap.  The short beak identifies it as a downy as opposed to a hairy woodpecker as does the ladder of black bars just visible on the underside of its tail.  I am pretty happy with the composition and sharpness.  The one big problem is that it was an overcast day.  There was little contrast and as result very little catch-light in the bird’s eye.  I accentuated it a bit, but the positioning still leaves its looking somewhat vacant.

I absolutely love the tufts of downy feathers on the bird’s back.  Note the slightly green tinge on the very bottom.  A very nice part of modern day digital photography is the intimacy that  you form with your subject as you delicately retouch and manipulate in your image processing program.  I think that the very fact that you are working with a positive image as opposed to a negative enhances this intimacy. And of course, there is the fact that it is so so immediate.  In any event here is Madame Wood Pecker, and I enjoyed sharing a crisp late summer’s day with her.

Canon T2i with EF70-200mm f/4L USM lens at 188 mm, ISO 1600, 1/2500 th sec at f/5.6 no exposure compensation.

Tribute to Vivian Maier

Figure 1 - A tribute to Vivian Maier, self portrait in a convex mirror, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

Figure 1 – A tribute to Vivian Maier, self portrait in a convex mirror, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

I’ve had my eye on this photographic possibilities of this convex parking lot mirror for some time, and maybe haven’t really got it yet.  But the “self portrait” aspect was fun and the curved lines remind me of an old fun-house mirror, distorting and twisting reality.  Most of all this photograph reminds me of  the silent street photographer Vivian Maier, whom we have spoken about before.  I even tried to trim it down to her 2 1/4″ x 2 1/4″ format, but it didn’t work compositionally.

Ms. Maier loved taking selfies in mirror.  There is a certain magic to it. And I think that Vivian Maier reminds all of us amateur photographers of the essential raison d’être for taking photographs that is for the love it. It is not just for the love of the act of photographing or of the final product.  It is for the love of light and the tricks it plays for the visually perceptive, and it is for the shared camaraderie of all who love it with us.

Canon T2i with EF70-200mm f/4L USM at 75 mm, ISO 1600, AE-Priority  Mode 1/3200th sec at f/5.6 no exposure compensation.

Hidden Cities of World War I

As we lived out the horrors of our own time, we may pause to reflect back on the horror that was World War I a century ago.  All of those veterans are gone now, and it all fades into a collective consciousness barely kept alive by black and white images of wet and disgusting battlefields or the lost army of white grave markers.

But we should not forget it, even if it only emphasizes the similarity between our times and those.  So I’d like to point out a fascinating Blog today in the New York Times by Craig Allen “The Hidden Cities of World War I.” As it turns out the battle fields of “The Great War” were fought over the very ground that covers the ancient stone quarries from which the great French cathedrals were built.  And in these stones soldiers sought refuge from the hell above them. Amazing artifacts are left behind, wine bottles, live grenades, signatures in stone, and wall carvings.  And these have been wonderfully photographed by Jeffrey Gusky. These are gorgeous in the mood the set and in the way they emphasize the trick of the human eye of focusing on details.

Most amazing to me are hearts, celebrating distant sweethearts – a connection home. And as Gusky notes, ever so poignantly, there are many more of these expressions of love and tenderness than of national pride.  There is certainly a lesson in this about the most enduring of human qualities, if we will only listen to our own inner hearts.

Impressionist puddles

Figure 1 - Puddles in frost heaves by the Cambridge Waterworks, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

Figure 1 – Puddles in frost heaves by the Cambridge Waterworks, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

I was wandering around the Cambridge Waterworks during lunch on Friday in search of photographs.  The weather was perfect, I mean perfect!  And the lake was just spectacular.  But nothing was photographically striking me.  Then I made the right move of looking down and at a deeply shaded portion of the path I can upon some very serious frost heaves in the asphalt.

For those of you who do not live in northern climes, allow me to explain.  Ice is less dense than water.  More physics blah, blah, blah … This has two effects.  First, it causes ice to float on water.  Second, it causes frost heaves, where water beneath the pavement expands on freezing during the winter and causes the road to buckle.  This in turn leads, in part, to the autoshop’s friend and cash-maker, “pot holes!”

These particular frost heaves, the result of probably man winters of freezing and thawing were huge.  As a result large puddles of water had collected between their protective dams and these were reflecting the trees and skies bathed in a glorious September light.  Have I mentioned the glory of September light before? 8<}

Well I took a few images, but really only half-heartedly. I was thinking black and white.  But  I wasn’t sure I had gotten the composition right.  When I got home, I dutifully suppressed the color and played extensively with the levels, curves, contrast, brightness, and, of course, toning.  The result is shown in Figure 1. I am not a hundred percent sure about this picture.  But I like the mystery and pictorialist (impressionist) quality of the image.  One is not quite certain what the subject is.  There is a certain element of magic in the highlights on the ground that open up an otherwise darkened place.

Arboreal shells

Figure 1 - Decaying Tree Bark, Fresh Ponmd Reserve, Cambridge, MA near Black's Nook. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

Figure 1 – Decaying Tree Bark, Fresh Ponmd Reserve, Cambridge, MA near Black’s Nook. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

I have a couple of more photographs from the Fresh Pond that I wanted to post. I have been intrigued and puzzled by large pieces of twisted tree bark that appeared after a recent late summer storm.  They are held up like bagged trophies by other trees, arranged by artist nature.  Photographing them can be just a bit of a challenge.  First, there is the matter of choosing the right light. Second, they tend to be buried under the canopy, where light only filters in. Third, their length always presents a depth of field challenge. And fourth, photographing them in too harsh a light never quite seems right, while soft diffuse light always seems disinteresting.  Hmm!

So they offer a learning experience. And Figure 1 is an attempt at one of my favorite specimens.  It will not be here next spring, I am sure.  They are ultimately ephemeral.  I took it in August, just as summer was turning into September.

I know that everyone cannot wait for the blah de blah.  Canon T2i, EF-S18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS STM Lens at 35 mm (short for me), AE-Aperture Priority Mode, ISO 800, 1/250th sec at f/9.0 with no exposure compensation.

Aurora Borealis

Figure 1 - European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst posted this photograph taken from the International Space Station to social media on Aug. 29, 2014.

Figure 1 – European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst posted this photograph taken from the International Space Station to social media on Aug. 29, 2014.

I found myself Friday night – Saturday getting up groggily several times, staggering across the darkened bedroom, and scanning the night sky looking for the promised aurora borealis.  Never did see it.  The sky was a bit overcast. and I am told that this intermittent search was not the righty way to do.

I have seen them several times in the past, particularly from the coast of Northern Maine and it leaves an amazing impression.  It is something truly magical, a subtle array of glorious dancing color.  And even an understanding of how the rain of solar particles streams in and interacts with the Earth’s ionosphere does nothing to diminish the glory.  Indeed, for me understanding just increases the awe.  And the Northern Lights is an effect that brings back shared primordial sensations of unbridled wonder.

Well, I’d love to share with you an image that I took on Friday night.  But I have none.  I do want to mention however, that here is a case where digital photography with its increased sensitivity with reduced gain and immediate feedback offers an amazing advantage.  Still I would recommend studying up on just how to do it correctly. There is an excellent detailed resource on the web by Patrick J. Endres.

So Saturday morning I scoured the newsmedia in search of images that other people took all around the world and there are some really amazing ones.  And then there are the images like those of Figure 1 taken from the International Space Station showing a top down view of the Aurora Borealis.  This image was posted on social media on August 29th by European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst.

So I encourage you to go out and look for these iridescent curtains of light, especially if you live at a high enough or low enough latitude and where the lights of man have not obscured the glory of the Milky Way.  They never ever disappoint.

Late summer, Queen Ann’s lace, but not the Lusitania

Figure 1 - Queen Ann's lace at Lusitania Meadow, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

Figure 1 – Queen Ann’s lace at Lusitania Meadow, Cambridge, MA. (c) DE Wolf 2014.

As I have mentioned we are in the last glory days of summer. It is just over a week before the Equinox, the point when the Sun crossed the celestial equator and is midway between its highest point in the sky and its lowest, and this bathes us in a magical September light.

The hot days of July and August have browned the world just a bit. But late summer’s coolness has revived the flowers, particularly the roses. These are now displaying one last beautiful burst before winter.

All summer I have been walking at noontime at the Fresh Pond Reserve in Cambridge, watching the birds, especially the green herons at Black’s Nook and admiring the water and the wild flowers. Every path off of the pond’s perimeter takes you somewhere unique, interesting, and beautiful. Every locale slowing metamorphoses with the calendar’s progression.

I have been particularly intrigued by a place called Lusitania Field or Meadow. This is just a magnificent wildflower garden, just left, or so it would seem, to the whims of nature. But I suspect the hand of the volunteer keepers of the reserve are at work here. Tall masses of daisies, black-eyed Suzies, golden rods, and Queen Ann’s lace abound. Unlike most of the reserve this meadow is subject to an intense sunlight and as a result is a favorite spot for sitting on a bench and having lunch or pushing baby strollers. Dogs chase balls, and yesterday I watched a man submerge himself in grass and flowers retrieving a tennis ball for a grateful terrier. The man emerged covered in nettles and probably ticks.

The Queen Ann’s lace has mostly shriveled up to intricate spheres of withered plant tissue, and yesterday I was struck enough by one of these to attempt to photograph it despite the fact that I had “the wrong lens” with me, my 70 to 200mm and no monopod. This is shown in Figure 1. To my view it came out pretty well, and the shallow depth of focus gave me some lovely bokeh. I am hoping in a small way that it captures the light of September and the gentle warmth of the day. I have used a subtle sepia tone.

All summer long I have been laboring under the misbelief that Lusitania Meadow was named in memory of the souls lost on the Lusitania. You can search online the Cambridge newspapers of the day and read the scathing editorials about the brutality of the event. I imagined the sober citizens cantabrigiensis gathered solemnly back in 1915 dedicating this field to the victims and swearing to never forget. Not so, it turns out.

It seems that the word has a common origin with the name of the fated ship. Both are named after Hispania Lusitania, the ancient Iberian Roman province that included all of modern Portugal south of the Douro river and part of modern Spain. The name derives from the Lusitani or Lusitanian people who inhabited this region. There is a proud tradition in Massachusetts of Portuguese speaking peoples, starting with a wave of immigrants from Portugal who came in the nineteenth century to work in the textile mills of Massachusetts, then the capital of America’s industrial revolution, and continuing to the Brazilian of today . I should also perhaps mention the Portuguese who “secretly” fished George’s Bank for cod as early as the fifteenth century. The Portuguese in America formed societies referred to as Lusitania Social Clubs and it is believed that men from this club in the 1970’s cleared the land to use it as a soccer field.

Somehow this story does not diminish the place. History, after all, is history, and every place has its own traditions. I marvel for a while at the wildflowers and then move on.